Which factor could lead to a decrease in enzyme activity?

Enzyme activity is highly sensitive to pH levels, and extreme pH levels can significantly impact their function. Enzymes have an optimal pH range where they function best, often close to neutral but varying depending on the specific enzyme. When the pH deviates significantly from this optimal range, it can lead to denaturation of the enzyme, altering its structure, and thereby inhibiting its ability to catalyze reactions efficiently. This structural change can prevent the enzyme from binding to its substrate or reduce the rate of reaction, resulting in decreased enzyme activity. This sensitivity to pH is crucial for maintaining biological processes, as enzymes are essential for facilitating biochemical reactions in living organisms.